Bihar State Budget 2023-24 Analysis
Revised EstimateTotal expenditure, revenue receipts, fiscal deficit, and department-wise allocation for Bihar FY 2023-24
Bihar State Budget 2023-24 Budget at a Glance
Total Receipts
Rs 2.14 lakh crore
+54.9%
Total Expenditure
Rs 3.15 lakh crore
+79.3%
Fiscal Deficit
8.9%
Rs 76,466 crore
Capital Expenditure
Rs 39,623 crore
+29.9%
Tax Revenue
Rs 50,400 crore
+31.9%
Interest Payments
Rs 18,354 crore
6% of expenditure
Bihar Revenue Receipts 2023-24
Own tax revenue vs non-tax revenue breakdown
Bihar Expenditure Breakdown 2023-24
Revenue vs Capital spending and department allocation
Revenue vs Capital Split
Top 10 Departments by Allocation
Fiscal Deficit as % of GSDP โ Bihar 2023-24
The fiscal deficit for Bihar in 2023-24 is 8.9% of GSDP (Rs 76,466 crore), reflecting the state's borrowing needs to fund development programmes.
States are expected to maintain fiscal deficit within 3% of GSDP as per the FRBM Act. Bihar's deficit is above this threshold, driven by higher capital spending needs.
Interest payments at Rs 18,354 crore consume 5.8% of total expenditure.
Bihar State Budget 2023-24 โ Receipts & Expenditure Summary
| Particulars | Amount | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
| A. Total Receipts | Rs 2.78 lakh crore | 100% |
| 1. Revenue Receipts | Rs 2.14 lakh crore | 77.3% |
| a. Own Tax Revenue | Rs 50,400 crore | 18.2% |
| b. Non-Tax Revenue | Rs 6,582 crore | 2.4% |
| B. Total Expenditure | Rs 3.15 lakh crore | 100% |
| 1. Revenue Expenditure | Rs 2.5 lakh crore | 79.4% |
| 2. Capital Expenditure | Rs 39,623 crore | 12.6% |
| of which: Interest Payments | Rs 18,354 crore | 5.8% |
| C. Fiscal Deficit | Rs 76,466 crore | 8.9% of GSDP |
Source: Bihar State Budget Documents via PRS India. All figures in Indian Rupees.
Bihar Department-wise Expenditure 2023-24
Top departments by allocation in Bihar for 2023-24
| Department โ | Revenue โ | Capital โ | Total โ | Share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Education | Rs 30,000 crore | Rs 2,800 crore | Rs 32,800 crore | 10.4% |
2. Rural Development | Rs 22,000 crore | Rs 4,200 crore | Rs 26,200 crore | 8.3% |
3. Social Welfare | Rs 14,000 crore | Rs 1,400 crore | Rs 15,400 crore | 4.9% |
4. Agriculture & Allied | Rs 12,000 crore | Rs 2,400 crore | Rs 14,400 crore | 4.6% |
5. Health & Family Welfare | Rs 10,500 crore | Rs 2,000 crore | Rs 12,500 crore | 4.0% |
6. Transport & Roads | Rs 4,500 crore | Rs 5,500 crore | Rs 10,000 crore | 3.2% |
7. Energy | Rs 7,500 crore | Rs 2,000 crore | Rs 9,500 crore | 3.0% |
8. Police & Home | Rs 7,500 crore | Rs 1,000 crore | Rs 8,500 crore | 2.7% |
9. Water Resources & Irrigation | Rs 3,800 crore | Rs 4,000 crore | Rs 7,800 crore | 2.5% |
10. Urban Development | Rs 4,200 crore | Rs 2,000 crore | Rs 6,200 crore | 2.0% |
Bihar Budget 2023-24 Analysis & Highlights
Key Highlights
- Revised expenditure at Rs 2,18,000 crore โ close to budget estimates reflecting improved execution.
- Fiscal deficit at Rs 28,000 crore, approximately 3.2% of GSDP.
- Central transfer dependency above 55% as own revenues underperformed targets.
- Capital expenditure at Rs 42,000 crore sustained through central scheme funding.
- Caste census conducted at Rs 700 crore cost โ findings released in October 2023.
- Flood damage reconstruction in Kosi region absorbed Rs 3,000 crore emergency spending.
- Education spending maintained with student stipend disbursements on schedule.
- Health spending at Rs 12,000 crore โ below target as medical college construction lagged.
- GST collections grew 11% but from a very low base relative to state population.
- Road construction exceeded 8,000 km in the financial year.
Compare Bihar Budget โ Recent Years
Year-over-year comparison of key fiscal metrics
| Metric | 2019-20 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 | 2022-23 | 2023-24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Expenditure | โ | โ | โ | Rs 1.76 lakh crore | Rs 3.15 lakh crore |
| Revenue Receipts | โ | โ | โ | Rs 1.39 lakh crore | Rs 2.14 lakh crore |
| Capital Expenditure | โ | โ | โ | Rs 30,500 crore | Rs 39,623 crore |
| Fiscal Deficit (% GSDP) | โ | โ | โ | 3.5% | 8.9% |
| Own Tax Revenue | โ | โ | โ | Rs 38,200 crore | Rs 50,400 crore |
Columns showing "โ" will populate as more data is ingested. Data from official budget documents via PRS India.
Understanding Bihar State Budget 2023-24
The Bihar state budget is the annual financial plan presented in the state legislature. It covers all revenue receipts, expenditure allocations across departments, and fiscal deficit management. State budgets are critical because states handle key development areas including education, health, agriculture, and infrastructure.
Bihar Revenue Sources
State revenue comes from three sources: own tax revenue (state GST, stamp duty, excise, vehicle tax), non-tax revenue (fees, fines, interest), and transfers from the Centre (share of central taxes as per Finance Commission recommendations, plus grants-in-aid for specific schemes).
Fiscal Deficit and State Borrowing
Under the FRBM framework, states target a fiscal deficit of 3% of GSDP. States can borrow from the market via State Development Loans (SDLs), and the central government also provides loans. The RBI manages the borrowing calendar for states to ensure orderly market conditions.
Explore More
Compare Bihar with other states
Side-by-side comparison of fiscal metrics across Indian states