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US State Budget Analysis

All-funds and general fund spending, revenue, and reserves for every US state — sourced from NASBO State Expenditure Reports, Census Bureau state finance surveys, and state budget offices.

States Covered

49

State-Years

297

Combined Spending

$3.08 trillion

Largest Budget

California

All States by Total Spending

#StateTotal ExpenditureGeneral FundLatest FYYears
1California$525.4 billion$245.3 billionFY20266
2Texas$338.0 billion$149.0 billionFY20266
3New York$268.5 billionFY20277
4Virginia$207.0 billion$75.0 billionFY20276
5Florida$114.8 billion$56.4 billionFY20266
6Ohio$108.6 billionFY20266
7Washington$81.7 billion$35.6 billionFY20255
8Michigan$74.6 billion$13.9 billionFY20266
9Minnesota$71.4 billion$35.6 billionFY20266
10Maryland$70.8 billion$28.3 billionFY20277
11Wisconsin$68.6 billion$21.1 billionFY20255
12Oregon$63.8 billion$16.7 billionFY20255
13Massachusetts$63.4 billionFY20276
14New Jersey$60.7 billionFY20277
15Tennessee$58.3 billion$29.6 billionFY20277
16Nevada$56.7 billion$12.3 billionFY20266
17Illinois$55.9 billion$55.9 billionFY20276
18Pennsylvania$50.9 billion$50.9 billionFY20266
19Missouri$50.7 billion$15.7 billionFY20276
20Louisiana$47.0 billion$12.6 billionFY20266
21Arkansas$44.6 billion$6.5 billionFY20266
22Indiana$44.0 billion$44.0 billionFY20265
23Colorado$43.9 billion$18.2 billionFY20266
24South Carolina$41.8 billion$14.2 billionFY20255
25Georgia$38.5 billion$36.6 billionFY20277
26North Carolina$34.4 billion$34.4 billionFY20266
27Kentucky$32.0 billion$31.0 billionFY20277
28Utah$31.6 billion$12.4 billionFY20276
29Mississippi$30.6 billion$7.1 billionFY20266
30Connecticut$28.1 billionFY20276
31Kansas$27.8 billion$10.9 billionFY20266
32West Virginia$21.0 billion$5.5 billionFY20276
33Nebraska$20.2 billion$5.5 billionFY20255
34Hawaii$20.1 billion$10.9 billionFY20255
35Arizona$18.3 billion$18.3 billionFY20276
36Montana$16.6 billionFY20266
37New Hampshire$15.9 billion$3.9 billionFY20266
38Maine$14.6 billion$5.8 billionFY20266
39Alaska$14.4 billion$6.5 billionFY20266
40Rhode Island$14.3 billion$5.8 billionFY20266
41Alabama$13.6 billion$3.7 billionFY20266
42Oklahoma$12.8 billionFY20276
43New Mexico$11.1 billion$11.1 billionFY20276
44Wyoming$10.1 billion$3.5 billionFY20276
45Iowa$9.4 billion$9.4 billionFY20266
46Vermont$9.1 billion$2.5 billionFY20266
47North Dakota$7.9 billion$2.5 billionFY20255
48South Dakota$7.3 billion$2.4 billionFY20266
49Delaware$6.6 billion$6.6 billionFY20265
50Idaho$5.6 billionFY20276

Browse by State

Alabama

$13.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Alaska

$14.4 billion

6 fiscal years

Arizona

$18.3 billion

6 fiscal years

Arkansas

$44.6 billion

6 fiscal years

California

$525.4 billion

6 fiscal years

Colorado

$43.9 billion

6 fiscal years

Connecticut

$28.1 billion

6 fiscal years

Delaware

$6.6 billion

5 fiscal years

Florida

$114.8 billion

6 fiscal years

Georgia

$38.5 billion

7 fiscal years

Hawaii

$20.1 billion

5 fiscal years

Idaho

6 fiscal years

Illinois

$55.9 billion

6 fiscal years

Indiana

$44.0 billion

5 fiscal years

Iowa

$9.4 billion

6 fiscal years

Kansas

$27.8 billion

6 fiscal years

Kentucky

$32.0 billion

7 fiscal years

Louisiana

$47.0 billion

6 fiscal years

Maine

$14.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Maryland

$70.8 billion

7 fiscal years

Massachusetts

$63.4 billion

6 fiscal years

Michigan

$74.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Minnesota

$71.4 billion

6 fiscal years

Mississippi

$30.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Missouri

$50.7 billion

6 fiscal years

Montana

$16.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Nebraska

$20.2 billion

5 fiscal years

Nevada

$56.7 billion

6 fiscal years

New Hampshire

$15.9 billion

6 fiscal years

New Jersey

$60.7 billion

7 fiscal years

New Mexico

$11.1 billion

6 fiscal years

New York

$268.5 billion

7 fiscal years

North Carolina

$34.4 billion

6 fiscal years

North Dakota

$7.9 billion

5 fiscal years

Ohio

$108.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Oklahoma

$12.8 billion

6 fiscal years

Oregon

$63.8 billion

5 fiscal years

Pennsylvania

$50.9 billion

6 fiscal years

Rhode Island

$14.3 billion

6 fiscal years

South Carolina

$41.8 billion

5 fiscal years

South Dakota

$7.3 billion

6 fiscal years

Tennessee

$58.3 billion

7 fiscal years

Texas

$338.0 billion

6 fiscal years

Utah

$31.6 billion

6 fiscal years

Vermont

$9.1 billion

6 fiscal years

Virginia

$207.0 billion

6 fiscal years

Washington

$81.7 billion

5 fiscal years

West Virginia

$21.0 billion

6 fiscal years

Wisconsin

$68.6 billion

5 fiscal years

Wyoming

$10.1 billion

6 fiscal years

Compare State Budgets

Put any two states side by side, track one state across fiscal years, or measure a state against the federal budget.

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Understanding US State Budgets

State governments spend roughly $3.08 trillion a year between them — more than the federal government spends on everything other than Social Security, Medicare and defence. Unlike Washington, nearly every state must balance its operating budget each year.

How States Differ in Their Fiscal Profiles

California and New York lead on total spending, but per-resident spending tells a different story: several smaller states spend far more per person. States also differ in how much flows through the general fund versus federal grants and dedicated funds, which is why all-funds totals are the fairer basis for comparison.

Key Metrics We Track for Each State

For every state-year we record all-funds expenditure, general fund expenditure, total and general fund revenue, rainy day fund balances, and spending by category — K-12 education, higher education, Medicaid, transportation, corrections and public assistance. Where a figure is genuinely unpublished we show a dash rather than an estimate.

Fiscal Years and Biennial Budgets

Most states run a July-to-June fiscal year. Alabama and Michigan run October to September; New York runs April to March. Texas, Oregon and Washington budget in two-year cycles, so their figures are labelled with the biennium rather than split into invented annual halves.

Federal Grants and Fiscal Federalism

Roughly a third of state spending is federal money passing through, Medicaid above all. Because the federal match rate varies by state income, a high all-funds total does not necessarily mean a high-taxing state. See the federal budget for the other side of that flow.